Lord of the Flies & To Kill a Mockingbird Essay Example for Free

Lord of the Flies To Kill a Mockingbird Essay John Quincy Adams once said â€Å"Always stand on your principle, even if you stand alone†. The two novels To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee and Lord of the Flies by William Golding, can greatly relate to this quote. The characters that are portrayed in both novels can really relate to one another in terms of the theme in the quote. Also the books themselves share similar themes and moral lessons. Atticus Finch from to kill a mocking bird is a character that plays a father; he is a strong role model and leader. Atticus is a wise man; he learns and teaches moral lessons to his children. Even though the odds are against his favor he still stands by his principle. Someone who can relate to Atticus Finch is Ralph from Lord of the flies. Ralph is a character in Lord of the flies that shows a great deal of leadership just like Atticus he stands by his principle and does whatever is right. Scout from to kill a mocking bird, is the daughter of Atticus Finch, she has very many opportunities to stand but her principle but she is rarely heard. But even though she is not really heard she takes initiative as much as possible. Piggy from Lord of the flies can relate to Scout, Piggy has so much potential to do more than he is capable of. Although Piggy always seems to find a way to get his ideas heard and recognized. Another comparison between the two novels is Miss Maudie and Simon because they are such honest people and that is one of their principles. Ralph and Atticus Finch both portray their characters as role models and leaders; Ralph in particular is a leader that does everything and stays with his accusations to prove that he is doing the right thing. The lord of the flies takes place on a deserted island after a dramatic plane crash and the only survivors are a bunch of little boys. Their first decision is to vote on a leader, the boys all chose Ralph as their leader. At the beginning of the novel, Ralph was leader, but when his followers decided to abandon him he stayed with his beliefs. He can relate to this quote because Ralph was standing on his principle even though he was alone. His friends chose to become savage beast and hunt, while Ralph stayed pure and civilized he showed that he knew his moral and stands up for what he believes in. Ralph comes across trouble thought when hes friends doubt his ideas and suggestions. When his friends turned his back on him, he still decided to stick to his ideas and his plan to be rescued and in the end it was worth it because they were saved. Another person that could relate to Ralph would be Atticus finch in To Kill a Mockingbird. Like Ralph, Atticus is another strong leader and independent leader, but in the novel To kill a mockingbird. Atticus relates to John Quincy Adams quote because Atticus fights for what he believes in, which is exactly what John Quincy Adams is meant by standing by your own principle. Atticus Finch plays a Father in working as a lawyer in the novel, but he lives in a time of discrimination and prejudice. A part of the story is when Atticus is appointed to defend Tom Robinson; a black man that was accused of raping a white woman. Atticus knows that the jury will be prejudice and that there is a slim chance that Tom Robinson will win the case. Even though he knows this information he still does everything in his power to defend Tom. Atticus says that he has nothing but pity for the jury and that he is disappointed that there society is like this (Lee 213). Atticus is a character that truly does stand by his principle and shows respect and leadership. Ralph and Atticus can relate to each other because they have similar characteristics and stand by their principles. Piggy is a character from Lord of the Flies that is discouraged. Piggy plays a huge role in the novel; he is wise and has the potential and the right to be heard. Piggy in the novel was the reason that the boy had fire, he was picked on and his ideas were ignored because of the way he looked. Piggy was wise he had ideas such as making sundials and hats. Ideas like these could have really helped the boys in being successful in being rescued. Piggy was wise and the boys failed to recognize this. When Ralph was abandoned by the boys that wanted to join Jacks hunting tripe it was only Piggy, Simon, Samneric and a few littleuns. With such little people, Ralph and Piggy talked and Piggy was hears and finally recognized for his ideas and wisdom. Piggy has a lot of smart ideas that could be implemented. He can relate to the quote by John Quincy Adams because he doesn’t give up, even though he is alone, he finds a way to be heard. Scout Finch and Piggy are character that can relate to each other, and to the quote said by John Quincy Adams. Scout is a character that plays Atticus’ daughter. Scout is very smart for her age, and has many bright ideas. Although this is true her ideas are not as recognized as they should just because of her age, she is much wiser than she appears to but is not recognized for it. â€Å"We don’t write in the first grade, we print. You won’t learn to write until you’re in the third grade. (Lee 23). This shows that Scout truly does stand by her principles but she is not recognized for it. Scout respects her father very much, but even though this is true she still denies his judgments, if she believes it is the right thing to do. An example if this would be when the Sarum group visited Atticus Finch and threatened him, Scout, Jem and dill all came to protect him. Even though Atticus told his children to return home they stayed there, this ended up helping Atticus bypass the sarum group after all. Simon is a character in Lord of the Flies that portrays a mature and wise. Simon is very honest. When Simon is told that there is a â€Å"beastie† loose on the island he adventures off on his own. He comes across a hanging parachute and realized that, the parachute was the beastie all along. When Simon knew that there could not be such thing as a beastie, he searched for the truth. Simon shows that he stayed with his principles and was determined to find the truth. He does not keep this new found information to himself or only to Ralphs tribe but he tells both Ralph and Jacks tribe. He was honest and wants to make life on the island a lot easier for the boys. He was generous enough to tell the tribes, but it was too late because Jacks tribe was so paranoid about the beastie and that he accidentally killed Simon. Although Simon had died trying to help he kept his principles in mind Simon showed how determined he was to be honest and set his friends straight. The quote by John Quincy Adams can have a lot of themes to express one of those themes that I could tell is honesty. Miss Maudie is a character in To Kill a Mockingbird that plays an honest woman. When Scout asks Miss Maudie about Arthur Radley and if all the rumors about him are true, Miss Maudie sets her straight and gives her full and honest opinion about Arthur Radley (Lee 48). This shows that Miss Maudie shows her moral conscience by admitting to Scout her honest opinion. She is also standing by her principle and passing on her wisdom to Scout. She tells Scout to find the truth and not create rumors and gossip about something that is not for certain. Miss Maudie shows a great deal of respect to the people around her. She stood by her principle as John Quincy Adams said. The quote represents honesty and Miss Maudie is a good example of honesty. There are many relations between the two novels and the quote. The quote by John Quincy Adams â€Å"Always stand on your principle, even if you stand alone† has themes that do relate to the themes and character in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird and Lord of the Flies. Atticus Finch and Ralph both show there leader ship and determination, when times are tough they persevere and try their hardest to make things right. This shows how determined they are to stand by their principle. Also Piggy and Scout, there are two completely different characters that play the same role. They both have such great potential to be a more recognized character; even though they seem ignored they both stand by their principles and become recognized. Simon and Miss Maudie two completely different people yet so similar in the sense that they are honest to one another. Overall there are many comparisons between these two novels and that they both have themes and characters that relate to standing by your principle.

Health Care Reform Essay -- Medical Medicine Essays

Health Care Reform INTRODUCTION Several years ago, health care reform was a hot political topic with President Bill Clinton's proposals to revolutionize medical health insurance. Even though his proposals didn't become law, sweeping changes are occurring within the health care system, particularly in regards to managed care health insurance and the reengineering of the hospital. The goals of these changes are to cut medical costs, make the delivery of health care more efficient, and to promote preventive medicine, health, and primary care. While these changes are positive in many ways, they are also creating concerns among both the health care consumer and provider. These changes must be managed to insure that high quality care remains at the forefront of medical care. MANAGED CARE HEALTH INSURANCE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Managed care plans are the fastest growing form of health insurance (Whigham-Desir, 1996). Sarah Glazer (1996) describes the concept of managed care: "The underlying principle of managed care is to keep the entire community healthy by providing preventive care, such as immunizations and mammograms, at little or no cost. In exchange for lower premiums, copayments and deductibles, the consumer agrees to see a limited group of physicians selected by the plan. The plan keeps costs down by limiting the consumer's access to expensive specialists and procedures." Since three-fourths of Americans receive health insurance through their employer, managed care plans are becoming increasingly popular as both employer and employee seek to decrease medical care costs (Whigham-Desir, 1996). Managed care has been around since the 1930s when HMOs were formed to promote preventive medicine among doctors (Sprag... ...s its moral power." Health care is one of the most important aspects of society, and with the change taking place, it is paramount that it is a managed change which will benefit everyone. Works Cited: Bennett Clark, Jane (1996, July). What you should ask your HMO. Kiplinger's Personal Finance Magazine. pp. 92-93. Glazer, Sarah (1996, April 12). Managed Care. CQ Researcher, 6, 313-336. Koop, C. Everett (1996, Fall). Manage with care. Time. pp. 69. Larson, Erik (1996, January 22). The soul of an HMO. Time. pp. 44-52. Shortell, Stephen M.; Gillies; Robin R.; & Devers, Kelly J. (1995, Summer). Reinventing the American hospital. The Milbank Quarterly. pp. 131-160. Spragins, Ellyn (1996, June 24). Does your HMO stack up? Newsweek. pp. 56-60. Whigham-Desir, Marjorie (1996, February). What to know about choosing an HMO. Black Enterprise. pp. 160-165.

Analysis of a Job Advert and My Employability Skills Essay

Describe the qualifications required: GCSE A*-C standard English and Maths, this is essential because you need to be able to simple adding and English is a necessity because you need to be able to read and speak fluent English. To have a National Vocational Qualification (NVQ) Level 1 or 2 in customer service you can also have a food safety certificate. Describe the level of experience in a similar role required: To have a previous experience at least 1 year or 2 year in a quality restaurant or bar. Describe the level of experience in the industry required: N/A Describe the knowledge of goods and services required: To have good knowledge about the Restaurant and other department’s hotels. Describe the level of effectiveness in meeting personal and team targets required: Ensure that you have a high level of effectiveness in meeting personal and targets so that you are happy for the job and show appreciation to the job. Describe the level of ability to observe and raise professional standards required: The level of ability should be high because you will need to be able to show individual courtesy to customers for example if there is a bad product on the shelf you tell them immediately and they will get you a better product. Personal Skills Organisation Name: Frontline Role: Food and Beverage Assistant Describe the amount if patience required: Good interpersonal and customer facing skills, maintain professionalism, display patience and politeness within a busy environment are some of the skills required. Describe the level of hard work required: Candidates must be reliable, flexible and have a ‘can do’ attitude. You must have good attention to detail, ability to work within a close team and also work with minimal supervision. Describe the level of ability to work as part of a team: Candidates must show the ability to have an excellent work ethic and be part of a team as required. Describe the level of good interpersonal skills required: Interpersonal skills are essential when socialising with colleagues and friends. Interpersonal skills include everything from communication and listening skills to attitude and deportment. Describe the level of cooperation with line managers and colleagues required: Line managers play a vital role in businesses as their duties are to ensure that activities are planned and organised in their area that involve a significant risk to the health and safety of staff. Candidates must cooperate effectively to line managers at all times. Describe the level of negotiation in seeking agreement with customers required: Negotiation is essential with customers as potential candidates must be able to negotiate with customers effectively and try to provide the best prices as possible to the customer. Describe the attributes you already possess or expect to posess by the end of course: 1. I will develop the habit of meeting deadlines. 2. I will develop my planning skills in order to prioritise myself for my coursework deadlines. 3. I will try to participate in all team/group activities. 4. I will ensure to communicate effectively with my team mates 5. I will try to practice my presentational skills effectively. 6. I will try to develop my patience. 7. I will try to organise myself by bringing the right equipment to lessons. 8. I will time manage my work and try to ensure to hand all coursework in on time. 9. I will ensure to use my essay skills effectively 10. I will ensure problem solving skills are used to the best ability.

Developing a Performance Appraisal System - 1112 Words

raisal System Developing a Performance Appraisal System HSM/220 January 9, 2011 Dr. Karen Beard Developing a Performance Appraisal System Development of a performance appraisal system that is effective in a human service organization is of benefit for the organization and the employees. For a performance appraisal system to be effective, the system has to be strategic, designed to fit the specific needs of the organization, non-discriminatory, non-bias, with correct implementation and administration. Many different components, must to be incorporated to make this type of system beneficial for all who use it, and all who are evaluated by the system. The purpose of a performance appraisal system is to receive accurate assessments†¦show more content†¦[ (Allen Rosenburg, 1981) ]. For each element needed for an effective performance appraisal system, have criteria to ensure its proper function. The element of overall policy, the criteria that should be present is clear measurable performance criteria, clearly stated and defined performance goals and objectives, information for the application and operation of the system, procedures to address employee performances, and information that identifies those covered by this system. The overall policy must meet regulatory requirements of the state, county, city, or federal laws. According to [5 CFR 430.209(a)]), Agency must also obtain approval prior to implementing changes that modify any element of the system subject to regulatory requirements. Criteria for performance appraisals is an appraisal free of bias, documented results on file, strategies implemented by development of performance measures, feedback, and information for an employee to maximize their performance. Rating factors, effectiveness, and results used to either terminate employees or identify those with potential for advancement. Criteria for communication are an open door policy between subordinates and supervisors, in a confidential area. Feedback is a form of communication from supervisors to employees, and the ability to be able to openly discuss performance and address any issues. Criteria for face-to-face,Show MoreRelatedDeveloping a Performance Appraisal System960 Words   |  4 PagesDeveloping a Performance Appraisal System Mary Colon Torres University of Phoenix HSM220 Harold Dobbins Developing a Performance Appraisal System An appraisal system may provide a Human Service organization in numerous of techniques. The main reason for effective appraisal can serve for development and administrative for an organization of Human service. 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Appraisals areRead MorePerformance Management the Employee Appraisal Process992 Words   |  4 PagesJosephine Collins Performance Management the Employee Appraisal Process Human Resource Week 7 8 Mr. Ambroise Everest College of Dallas September 5, 2013 Performance Management is the process of creating a work environment in which people can perform to the best of their abilities in order to meet company goals. It is an entire work system that emanates from a company’s goals. The expectation of the company as follow are (1) The essential job functions the employee is expected to doRead MorePerformance Appraisal1499 Words   |  6 PagesPerformance Appraisal Systems and Succession Planning Dale Feekes Western Governor’s University Slide 1 Benefits of Performance Appraisal Systems Performance appraisal is considered to be an essential element of human resource management (HRM). 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A performance management system would be only effective when the employeesRead MoreEssay on Performance Appraisal1528 Words   |  7 PagesPerformance appraisals are a major component of human resource management systems used by organisations to measure and manage what is considered to be the most valuable resource available to them; human capital. This report aims to evaluate the effectiveness of performance appraisals and its application to both the employer and its employees, taking into consideration various rationales for its implementation. This will be achieved through an in depth review of the concept of performance appraisalsRead MoreCharacteristics of an Ideal Appraisal System1330 Words   |  6 PagesIdeal Appraisal System Abstract To start with, a well-developed evaluation process is one that has the support of top administration within the organization and that is viewed as fair and productive by all who participate in them. It is very difficult to create a performance appraisal. It is also difficult if the organization does not have a logical, well-tested, step-by-step progress to follow in developing their new procedures. Therefore, there is no such thing as a perfect appraisal, however;Read MoreEssay on Employee Evaluation and Its Practice811 Words   |  4 Pagespractice it has used up until now to evaluate and reward its employees† (Farnham, 2013, p. 1). A performance appraisal and reward system should provide an evaluation of employees’ performance and motivation and â€Å"establishing a clear link between efforts and reward through formalized and specified individual targets† (Azzone, Palermo, 2011, p. 91). Types of performance appraisals include †¢ General Appraisal: This process includes â€Å"ongoing communication between the manager and employee throughout the

Essay on The Depth of Emely Brontes Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights was written by Emily Bronte’, although she first published her novels under a gentleman’s name. Her famous novel has become a classic in English literature. It would be the least to say her imagination was quite impressive. Through her child imagination, Bronte’ and her siblings would write children stories. â€Å"Emily’s childhood created an imaginary nation, originating from the numerous poems devoted to the doings of the Gondals† (Bradner 129). The ‘Gondal’ poems they wrote inspired some of the fairly known novels. â€Å"The Gondals were written in her poetry as late as 1845† (Bradner 129). Wuthering Heights contains crossing genres, changing settings, multiple narrators, and unreliable narrators. Bonte’s techniques and ideals†¦show more content†¦At the time when Wuthering Heights was published, most readers trust their narrators. Readers would assume the truth was being communicated. Bronteà ¢â‚¬â„¢ even provides particular dictions for important characters that parallel with their personalities. Wuthering Heights was one of the first and more prominent known novels to use unreliable narrators. Nelly Dean, in Wuthering Heights, becomes one of the unreliable narrators. Nelly merely contemplates moral aspect and the moral consequences of the situation. She fails to provide Cathy with the truth and she may be consider quite misleading. Nelly Dean is not very trustworthy and readers may be drawn to see the unwinding of her deceitfulness. The Game of Thrones contains several promiscuous characters, as well. The Queen, Cersei, is a character who can be considered unreliable and especially untrustworthy. Cersei attempts to have as she desires at any cost. She becomes one of the most untrustworthy characters in Game of Thrones. The genres through both Wuthering Heights and Game of Thrones changes profusely. The love aspects through these novels are unbearable to become unnoticed. Wuthering Heights contains love for two men from starting with Catherine Earnshaw. The noted love flows down to their children. Catherine’s child, Young Cathy, also deals with this love and marriage turmoil. Throughout Game of Thrones, a series of marriages of take place. Some of the marriages were

Vietnam War Point Of View - 1463 Words

Despite popular belief, Vietnam has been the battleground for only a limited number of military conflicts in history. The country fell under the rule of China and France at early points in its history before claiming its full independence in 1945. Many Americans still view Vietnam from the Vietnam War point of view because it ended in a United States defeat. Since that war almost 40 years ago, Vietnam’s leadership has had a plan in place to rebuild the country’s infrastructure and solidify its place in the world. Today, Vietnam continues to thrive economically by taking advantage of its natural resources and location despite being the home to one of the last single-party Socialist governments in the world. Vietnam is a long winding section of land on the eastern side of the Indochinese peninsula. Including its island area, it has just over 128,000 miles of land, or slightly more space than the state of New Mexico. Vietnam has three borders countries: China (to the north ), Laos (to the central-west) and Cambodia (to the southwest). On a map, the country looks like an elongated-S just over 1,000 miles in length and only 31 miles in width at its maximum. Three main bodies of water also border Vietnam. The water boundaries are the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest, the South China Sea to the southeast, and the Gulf of Tonkin to the northeast. The country claims the first 12 nautical miles off its shoreline as territorial property and the first 200 nautical miles as anShow MoreRelatedA Different Point of View of the Vietnam War in Tim OBriens The Things They Carried1235 Words   |  5 Pagesother’s points of view, one thing most people do not realize is that when you actually experience the event, you will have a different point of view versus trying to relate to it. Tim O’Brien, the author of The Things They Carried, had a completely different point of view on war than others who just watched it on the news. The main character and the s tories in the book resemble Tim OBriens life in many ways, one of which is how Tim and the main character both oppose the war but other’s point of viewRead MoreThe Effect of Mass Media on Americans during the Vietnam War Essay1114 Words   |  5 Pageson Americans during the Vietnam War When the war initially began, Dean Rusk, US Secretary of State, pointed out that: This was the first struggle fought on television in everybodys living room every day... whether ordinary people can sustain a war effort under that kind of daily hammering is a very large question. The us administration, unlike most governments at war, made no official attempt to censure the reporting in the Vietnam war. Every night on theRead MoreThe Policies Of Eisenhower s Vietnam And John F. 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He joined in meeting to speak why he had some reasons to stop the war in Vietnam using a compassion way. The other man was the president of the united state Lyndon B Johnson. In contras of King he used a lot of patriotism on his speechRead MoreThe Impact of the Vietnam War on Veterans Essay966 Words   |  4 PagesHow did a Vietnam soldiers life change during and after the war. Society had a lot of different views regarding the soldiers and the war. When coming home veterans faced many distinct challenges. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial helped to heal the nation. The Vietnam War had a major impact on the United States and the soldiers who fought in it. The Vietnam War was a violent and costly war that needed many men to fight for its cause. These men are now known as the Vietnam veterans. Numerous veteransRead MoreHeroes Or Ignorant : The United States1699 Words   |  7 Pagesneed a help or if they just became victims of more powerful nation’s ideology. 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Reflective Learning Portfolio

Question: ExplainReflective Learning Portfolio. Answer: Participation in the class learning process has helped me gather an in-depth knowledge about the topic Industrial relation. I have obtained greater understanding and knowledge on this topic in my classes, under the guidance of my class teacher, who specializes in this topic. In the first week, I have learned about the different theories related to employee relation and their applicability in actual practice. For instance, from the Unitarism theory of employee relation, I have understood that organizations are regarded as a collection of individuals and groups having the same goals, interest and values. I have come to understand that the central authority of the organization remains vested in the hands of the managers of organizations. According to this theory, it is only the manager, who will be responsible for forming the rules and regulations of organizations. These rules and regulations will be formed with an aim to instill loyalty in employees and keep them under control. This th eory is applied in such a situation, where conflictions among employees are at high level and the mangers are to strictly control these conflictions (Tapia, Ibsen and Kochan 2015). Apart from that, I have also learned about scientific management theory that synthesizes and analyzes the workflow of the employees. I have understood the rationality of this theory, which lies in improving the economic condition and productivity of the employees by maintaining a high level of harmonious relationship with the employees. In addition to this, I also learned about the Pluralism theory of employee relation, in which the managers of organizations maintain a well-established employee relation by decentralizing the power. According to this theory, managers dedicate some authority to the employees. This theory is applicable in such situation, where employees are capable enough to take responsibilities of their organization (Cox 2015). Furthermore, I have learned about Dunlops theory of employee r elation, which is dependent on the hierarchy of managers, workers and the government agency. Employee relation is also dependent on technological, market and shared ideology of the actors (Nakano 2014). In the second week, I learned about the context in which employee relation occur in organizations. Employee relation occurs in various contexts and is influenced and limited by the same. These contexts can be segregated on numerous grounds. I realized that employee relations are best maintained during the negotiation process with management. Negotiation may take place between the employees and management, when employees demand some benefits from the management in terms of wages, working condition and other benefits (Lansbury and Bamber 2013). Apart from that, I have also understood that the employee relation can best be developed, when the representatives of employees enter into a discussion with management regarding their organizational condition. In the third week, I have come to understand the role and importance of Trade Unions in determining the wage for the employees of organization. Trade Unions have complete power on the demand and supply of labor in the labor market. Trade Unions have the authority to negotiate with the management regarding the wellbeing of the employees (Nakano 2014). Through leadership, the Trade Unions bargain with the management to determine the remuneration. I have learned that collective bargaining is the process through which Trade Unions can achieve a collective agreement for the employees regarding the remuneration. I feel that Trade Unions exercise some amount of rights on the employees and often act as mediators between the employees and the employers. They make sure that they are able to voice the concerns of the employees to the management.. In this way, the conflicts among the employers and employees are minimized. It also increases the productivity of the organization that actually facil itates in developing the economy of the organization. In the fourth week, I have realized that there are numerous legislations for conducting employee relations within organizations. These legislations have great impact and influence on the conduct of employee relations. The first legislation that I have learned regarding employee relation is Employee Compensation Act 1923. In this act, the employers are restricted to set a working time of 8 hours. This Act suggests the employers to provide adequate remuneration so that employee relation can be maintained. Apart from that, I have understood the rationality of Equal Opportunity Act 1984 that provides equal opportunity to all the employees in terms of employment, remuneration and promotion. In the concept of industrial relation, I have come to know about some of the major causes of industrial confliction. In the fifth week, I have learned about the wage and benefit factors in industrial conflict. The organizations are likely to reduce the cost of the organization through low payment to the employees. Apart from that, I have also realized that many employers increase the working hours of the employees with an intention to increase organizational productivity. Conflicts can arise when employees are asked to work in excess and for a longer duration beyond their normal working hours (Keune and Marginson 2013). Moreover, I have also realized that organizations often tend to cut down the workforce structure with an aim to reduce cost. This in turn leads to industrial conflicts. In the sixth week, I have learned some of the managerial strategies for employee relation that can enhance industrial relation. I have realized that the manager should practice a participative managerial style for engaging the employees in the organizational progress. The manager should delegate some authority to the employees so that they can feel a sense of value within their workplace (Sen and Lee 2015). It is my perspective that a high sense of value will facilitate the employees to build a higher level of employee relation. Reference List Cox, A., 2015. The pressure of wildcat strikes on the transformation of industrial relations in a developing country: The case of the garment and textile industry in Vietnam.Journal of Industrial Relations,57(2), pp.271-290. Keune, M. and Marginson, P., 2013. Transnational Industrial Relations as Multià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ Level Governance: Interdependencies in European Social Dialogue.British Journal of Industrial Relations,51(3), pp.473-497. Lansbury, R.D. and Bamber, G.J., 2013. Technological Chang, Industrial Relations and Human Resource Management.New Technology: international perspective on human resources and industrial relations (London: Unwin Hyman, 1989), pp.3-37. Nakano, S., 2014. Maastricht Social Protocol Revisited: Origins of the European Industrial Relations System.JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies,52(5), pp.1053-1069. Sen, R. and LEE, C.H., 2015. Workers and social movements of the developing world: Time to rethink the scope of industrial relations?.InternationalLabour Review,154(1), pp.37-45. Tapia, M., Ibsen, C.L. and Kochan, T.A., 2015. Mapping the frontier of theory in industrial relations: the contested role of worker representation.Socio-Economic Review,13(1), pp.157-184.